Help & FAQs
Tyre Information
Choosing the right tyres for your vehicle is essential for safety, performance, and fuel efficiency. Here’s some key information to help you make an informed decision:
Tyre Types:
- Summer Tyres: Designed for optimal performance in warm weather, offering excellent handling and braking on dry and wet roads.
- Winter Tyres: Perfect for cold, snowy, and icy conditions, with deeper treads and rubber compounds that stay flexible in low temperatures.
- All-Season Tyres: A versatile option that offers balanced performance in a range of weather conditions, ideal for mild climates.
- Run-Flat Tyres: These tyres can still be driven on for a limited distance even after a puncture, providing peace of mind if you have a flat.
Tyre Sizes:
- Tyres come in different sizes to fit a variety of vehicles. The size is printed on the sidewall of each tyre, showing details like width, profile, and rim diameter (e.g., 205/55R16). It’s important to choose the correct size for your vehicle to ensure safety and proper performance.
Tread Patterns:
- Symmetrical Tread: Commonly found on many tyres, offering even wear and good handling.
- Asymmetrical Tread: A hybrid design providing enhanced grip on both wet and dry surfaces.
- Directional Tread: Designed to provide better traction in wet conditions by channeling water away from the tyre, making them ideal for rainy weather.
Tyre Pressure:
- Maintaining the correct tyre pressure is vital for safety, fuel efficiency, and tyre longevity. Under-inflated or over-inflated tyres can lead to poor handling and increased wear. Check your tyre pressure regularly and keep it at the manufacturer’s recommended level.
Tyre Lifespan:
- Most tyres last between 3 to 6 years, depending on usage and maintenance. Be sure to inspect your tyres regularly for signs of damage, wear, or ageing. It’s recommended to replace tyres once they reach the minimum tread depth or if they show signs of cracking or other damage.
If you have any questions about which tyres are best for your vehicle or need help with tyre selection, our team at GB Tyre Services is always here to assist you.
Tyre Pressures
Maintaining the correct tyre pressure is essential for your vehicle’s safety, performance, and efficiency. Here’s everything you need to know about tyre pressures:
Why Tyre Pressure Matters:
- Safety: Incorrect tyre pressure can affect your vehicle’s handling, braking, and overall stability, increasing the risk of accidents.
- Fuel Efficiency: Under-inflated tyres cause more rolling resistance, which can reduce fuel efficiency, while over-inflated tyres may increase fuel consumption.
- Tyre Lifespan: Correct tyre pressure ensures even wear and prolongs the life of your tyres, saving you money in the long run.
- Comfort: Properly inflated tyres provide a smoother, more comfortable ride and better control on the road.
How to Check Tyre Pressure:
- You can check your tyre pressure using a simple tyre pressure gauge, available at most automotive stores.
- The recommended tyre pressure for your vehicle can typically be found in the owner’s manual, on a sticker inside the driver’s door frame, or on the fuel cap. The recommended pressure is usually measured in PSI (pounds per square inch).
- Make sure to check your tyres when they are cold, as pressure can increase when tyres heat up during driving.
When to Check Tyre Pressure:
- Before long trips: Ensure your tyres are properly inflated for optimal safety and fuel efficiency.
- Monthly: Regular checks can help spot any changes or slow leaks early.
- After significant temperature changes: Cold weather can cause tyre pressure to drop, while warmer temperatures can cause it to rise.
What to Do if Your Tyre Pressure is Low or High:
- Low Pressure: If your tyre pressure is too low, inflate it to the recommended level as soon as possible. Driving on under-inflated tyres can lead to overheating, excessive wear, and reduced control.
- High Pressure: If your tyre pressure is too high, release some air to bring it back to the correct level. Over-inflated tyres are more prone to damage from road debris and can cause a harsh ride.
Regularly maintaining proper tyre pressure is one of the simplest and most effective ways to ensure your vehicle runs smoothly, safely, and efficiently. If you’re unsure about your tyre pressure or need assistance, our team at GB Tyre Services is always happy to help!
UK Tyre Law
In the UK, tyre safety is governed by strict laws to ensure the safety of drivers, passengers, and other road users. Here’s an overview of the key aspects of UK tyre law:
Minimum Tread Depth:
- The legal minimum tread depth for tyres in the UK is 1.6mm across the central three-quarters of the tyre’s breadth and around the entire circumference. This applies to all types of tyres, including car, van, and trailer tyres.
- Tyres with tread depths below the legal minimum can result in fines and penalties, as well as reduced grip, especially in wet conditions, which increases the risk of accidents.
Tyre Age:
- Although there is no specific law regarding the maximum age of tyres, it is recommended that tyres be replaced every 6 years, or sooner if they show signs of damage or wear.
- Tyres over 10 years old should be replaced regardless of their appearance or tread depth, as rubber can degrade over time, compromising safety.
Tyre Pressure:
- While there is no specific legal requirement to monitor tyre pressure regularly, maintaining the correct tyre pressure is essential for safety and vehicle efficiency. Under-inflated tyres can cause poor handling and increase the risk of tyre blowouts.
- Drivers should follow the manufacturer’s recommended pressure, which can be found in the vehicle’s manual or on the tyre information sticker inside the driver’s door frame.
Tyre Condition:
- Tyres must be free from any cuts, bulges, or visible damage that may affect their safety. A tyre with any of these issues can fail, leading to dangerous driving conditions.
- Regular checks should be made to ensure tyres are not worn unevenly or showing signs of damage. If any issues are found, tyres should be replaced immediately.
Tyre Markings and Specifications:
- UK law requires that tyres must have certain markings that indicate their specifications, including size, load index, and speed rating. These markings provide vital information for ensuring tyres are suitable for your vehicle and driving needs.
- Using incorrect tyres that don’t meet the vehicle’s specifications can lead to poor handling, increased fuel consumption, and even legal penalties.
Tyre Replacement:
- If a tyre is damaged beyond repair (e.g., severe punctures, sidewall damage), it must be replaced immediately. Temporary repairs are not recommended for safety-critical parts of a tyre.
Penalties for Non-Compliance:
- Failing to comply with tyre laws can result in a fine of up to £2,500 per tyre, along with 3 penalty points on your driving licence for each defective tyre. In the case of multiple defective tyres, the penalty can be severe.
- If a tyre is deemed unsafe, the vehicle can also be taken off the road for safety reasons.
To avoid fines, ensure your tyres meet the legal requirements and are regularly checked and maintained. If you’re unsure about the condition of your tyres, our team at GB Tyre Services is happy to help with inspections and replacements to keep you compliant with UK tyre law and driving safely.
Looking After Tyres
Proper tyre maintenance is crucial for safety, performance, and the longevity of your tyres. Here are some essential tips for looking after your tyres:
Check Tyre Pressure Regularly:
- Maintaining the correct tyre pressure is one of the most important factors in tyre care. Low or high pressure can lead to uneven wear, reduced fuel efficiency, and increased risk of tyre failure.
- Check your tyre pressure at least once a month and before long trips. Always check when your tyres are cold, as pressure can increase after driving.
Inspect Tyre Tread:
- The tread depth is vital for grip and safety, especially in wet or slippery conditions. The legal minimum tread depth in the UK is 1.6mm, but it’s recommended to replace tyres when they reach 3mm for optimal performance.
- Regularly inspect your tyres for signs of wear, including uneven tread patterns, bald spots, or worn areas. Uneven wear may indicate alignment or suspension issues.
Rotate Tyres:
- Rotating your tyres ensures even wear, helping to extend their lifespan. Front tyres tend to wear faster than rear tyres, especially in front-wheel drive vehicles. Regularly rotating tyres can prevent premature wear and improve overall handling.
- It’s typically recommended to rotate your tyres every 6,000 to 8,000 miles, but always check your vehicle’s manual for specific guidance.
Balance and Align Your Tyres:
- Tyre balancing and alignment are essential for maintaining smooth handling and preventing uneven wear. Misaligned wheels can cause your tyres to wear unevenly and reduce the overall life of your tyres.
- If you notice vibrations, pulling to one side, or uneven tyre wear, it may be time to get your tyres balanced and aligned.
Drive Carefully:
- Avoid aggressive driving, such as sudden braking, rapid acceleration, and sharp turns, as these can put unnecessary stress on your tyres and cause them to wear out faster.
- Try to avoid potholes, curbs, and road debris, as hitting these obstacles can cause damage to your tyres and lead to blowouts.
Keep Tyres Clean:
- Regularly clean your tyres to remove dirt, grime, and debris that can accumulate over time. Use a mild detergent and a soft brush to gently scrub the tyres. Cleaning helps prevent the build-up of materials that could cause damage or wear down the rubber.
Protect Your Tyres from Sun and Heat:
- Excessive exposure to direct sunlight and high temperatures can cause tyres to degrade more quickly. Whenever possible, park your vehicle in the shade or use a tyre cover to protect them from the elements.
Check for Damage:
- Regularly inspect your tyres for signs of damage such as cuts, punctures, bulges, or cracks. If you find any issues, replace the affected tyre immediately to avoid further damage or safety risks.
Replace Old Tyres:
- Even if your tyres appear to be in good condition, it’s essential to replace them when they reach the end of their recommended lifespan (typically around 6 years). Older tyres, even with good tread, can lose their flexibility and strength, compromising safety.
By following these simple maintenance steps, you can keep your tyres in top condition, ensuring safe and efficient driving for the long term. If you need any assistance or tyre inspections, the team at GB Tyre Services is here to help!
Load Index and Speed Ratings
The majority of tyres carry coded markings on them, which correspond to their load carrying and maximum speed capabilities.
For example: 91V
91= Index of maximum load carrying capacity per tyre, in this case equates to 615kg.
V= Symbol which equates to a speed rating of 240km/h (approximately 149mph)
The load index is a numerical code, which corresponds to the maximum load a tyre can carry at the speed indicated by its speed symbol, under specific service conditions. For specific load index details see below.
| Load Index | Kilograms | Load Index | Kilograms | Load Index | Kilograms |
| 65 | 290 | 80 | 450 | 95 | 690 |
| 66 | 300 | 81 | 462 | 96 | 710 |
| 67 | 307 | 82 | 475 | 97 | 730 |
| 68 | 315 | 83 | 487 | 98 | 750 |
| 69 | 325 | 84 | 500 | 99 | 775 |
| 70 | 335 | 85 | 515 | 100 | 800 |
| 71 | 345 | 86 | 530 | 101 | 825 |
| 72 | 355 | 87 | 545 | 102 | 850 |
| 73 | 365 | 88 | 560 | 103 | 875 |
| 74 | 375 | 89 | 580 | 104 | 900 |
| 75 | 387 | 90 | 600 | 105 | 925 |
| 76 | 400 | 91 | 615 | 106 | 950 |
| 77 | 412 | 92 | 630 | 107 | 975 |
| 78 | 425 | 93 | 650 | 108 | 1000 |
| 79 | 437 | 94 | 670 |
The speed symbol indicates the speed at which the tyre can carry the load corresponding with its load index. For specific speed rating details see below.
| Speed Symbol | Approx MPH | Approx KM/H |
| Q | 99 | 160 |
| R | 106 | 170 |
| S | 112 | 180 |
| T | 118 | 190 |
| H | 131 | 210 |
| V | 149 | 240 |
| VR | 131 | 210 |
| W | 168 | 270 |
| Y | 186 | 300 |
| ZR | 149 | 240 |
EU Tyre Labelling
The EU Tyre Label is a standardized system designed to help consumers make informed decisions when buying tyres. It provides key information on three important performance factors: fuel efficiency, wet grip, and external noise levels.
1. Fuel Efficiency (Rolling Resistance)
- This rating indicates how efficiently a tyre reduces fuel consumption.
- Rated from A (most efficient) to E (least efficient).
- A-rated tyres can help save fuel and reduce CO₂ emissions.
How It Affects You:
Lower fuel costs Reduced environmental impact
2. Wet Grip (Braking Performance)
- This rating measures a tyre’s ability to stop quickly on wet roads.
- Rated from A (shortest braking distance) to E (longest braking distance).
- A-rated tyres offer the best safety in wet conditions.
How It Affects You:
Improved safety in rainy weather Reduced braking distance
3. External Noise Level (Road Noise)
- This measures the amount of noise a tyre produces while driving.
- Shown as a decibel (dB) rating and a three-wave symbol:
- 1 wave = Quietest
- 2 waves = Moderate noise
- 3 waves = Loudest
How It Affects You:
Quieter and more comfortable driving Reduced environmental noise pollution
Additional EU Tyre Label Information
Some labels also include symbols for:
- Snow Grip – Indicates suitability for winter conditions.
- Ice Grip – Indicates performance on icy surfaces.
Why is EU Tyre Labelling Important?
Helps consumers choose safer, more fuel-efficient tyres. Encourages manufacturers to develop better-performing tyres. Ensures compliance with EU regulations for road safety and environmental impact.
Before purchasing new tyres, always check the EU label to ensure you get the best performance for your needs!
Tyre Markings
The writing on your tyres can be confusing. The sidewall of a typical tyre is imprinted with many codes and numbers that are used to identify the size and physical features of that tyre as well as details relating to its manufacture. Many of these tyre markings are of little or no importance to the driver while others are essential when it comes to choosing a replacement tyre.
If you are looking for new tyres you should familiarise yourself with the following tyre markings.
Tyre Size
Your tyre size can be found on the sidewall of your current tyre and is a sequence of numbers and letters. The most common tyre size in the UK is 205/55R16 but there are many variations so it’s important to check your existing tyre or to check your vehicle handbook to ensure the right tyre size has been installed.
Tyre width
The first three digits. This displays the width of the tyre in millimetres. A tyre marked 225 will measure 225mm across the tread from sidewall to sidewall.
Aspect ratio
The fourth and fifth digits of the tyre code that immediately follow the tyre width. The aspect ratio or profile height of the tyre sidewall is expressed as a percentage of the tyre width. So an aspect ratio of 55 for example means that the profile height of the tyre is 55% of its width.
Radial
Radial tyres are marked with the letter R. Radial tyres are constructed with the cord plies positioned at a 90 degree angle to the direction of travel to give the tyre additional strength. Almost every new tyre manufactured today is a radial tyre.
Wheel diameter
The next two digits represent the size of the wheel rim that the tyre can be fitted to. It is also the diameter of the tyre from bead to bead. So a tyre marked 16 will fit on a 16-inch wheel rim.
The speed rating of a tyre is represented by a letter of the alphabet at the end of the tyre size code and indicates the maximum speed capability of the tyre. Tyres receive a speed rating based on a series of tests which measure the tyres capability to handle a set speed for a prolonged period of time.
Select your tyre speed rating to find out the maximum speed your tyres can maintain.
If you are unsure what speed rating you need, be sure to check your vehicle handbook. Choosing a lower speed rating than that recommended by your vehicle manufacturer could potentially invalidate your insurance.
The load index provides information on the maximum weight capability for the tyre. The load index is a numerical code that can be located just after the tyre size marking and before the speed rating.
Select your load index to find out the maximum load capability for your tyres.
Although not illegal, it is not advisable to have tyres with a lower speed rating or load index than the manufacturer recommended tyre specification for your vehicle, or to have a combination of different tyre construction types. Consult your vehicle handbook to confirm your vehicle’s tyre speed rating and load index as well as any additional requirements.
Your tyre is also printed with information about when and where the tyre was manufactured. This is represented by a series of letters and numbers which starts with the letters DOT (meaning the tyre exceeds Department of Transport safety standards).
The first 8 characters that follow DOT are essentially a serial number used by the manufacturer to identify the tyre and in which production facility it was made.
The last four digits, usually presented in a small window can help you to identify the age of the tyre.
The first two digits represent the week of the year the tyre was produced from 1 to 52. The last two digits represent the year. So a tyre marked 1315 was manufactured in the 13th week of 2015.
Tyres age over time, which can be accelerated if the vehicle is used infrequently. If the date of manufacture on your tyres is in excess of 6 years, we recommend having your tyres checked out to ensure they are still roadworthy.
Tyres with an increased load index are often marked to show that they have been reinforced to handle extra weight. This varies from one manufacturer to the next but look out for the following symbols which are used to identify if the tyre has been reinforced.
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| XL | Extra Load |
| EXL | Extra Load |
| RF | Reinforced |
| REINF | Reinforced |
| RFD | Reinforced |
Run flat tyres are specially designed with strengthened side walls so that, in the event of a loss of pressure such as a puncture, the tyre can hold the weight of the vehicle and continue to be used for a short time until you can reach an appropriate place to stop and have the tyre replaced. There are many different tyre markings for run flat tyres depending on the manufacturer.
| Symbol | Meaning | Manufacturer |
|---|---|---|
| ROF | RunOnFlat | Goodyear |
| EMT | Extended Mobility Technology | Goodyear |
| RFT | Run Flat Technology/Tyre | Pirelli, Firestone, Bridgestone |
| ZP | Zero Pressure | Michelin |
| SSR | Self Supporting Run Flat | Continental |
| DSST | Dunlop Self Supporting Technology | Dunlop |
Some tyres are intended specifically for use with certain vehicle makes for added performance benefits. These tyres are designed in close co-ordination with the vehicle manufacturer and feature a designated symbol on the sidewall which shows that the tyre meets the manufacturer’s exacting standards and has been given OE status.
Many of the world’s top car manufacturers including BMW, Mercedes, and Audi have designated markings and the same letters and symbols are used by all tyre manufacturers to show that the tyre has been specifically designed for that vehicle.
| Symbol | Manufacturer |
|---|---|
| R01, A0 | Audi |
| MO | Mercedes |
| (Star) | BMW |
| J | Jaguar |
| N0, N1, N2, N3 | Porsche |